Source data adaptation and rendering

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a method for source data adaptation and rendering. The method comprises receiving source data; processing the source data to determine rendering parameters; wherein the processing comprises obtaining processing-free temporal segments either by applying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source data or rendering a predetermined region of the source data; determining content characteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing content characteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporal segments; signaling the rendering parameters for playback; and adapting the rendering parameters to render the processing-free temporal segments from the source content.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present embodiments relate generally to content adaptation inreal-time playback.

BACKGROUND

This section is intended to provide a background or context to theinvention that is recited in the claims. The description herein mayinclude concepts that could be pursued, but are not necessarily onesthat have been previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unlessotherwise indicated herein, what is described in this section is notprior art to the description and claims in this application and is notadmitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

Today's smart phones and other mobile devices, such as tablet devices,have different functionalities with respect of imaging, video recording,image and video processing and viewing. When a video has been recordedwith 4K (4 000 pixels) resolution, the video can be viewed without anytransformation on a 4K display. When viewing the same 4K video on adevice with—for example—VGA (Video Graphics Array) display, the contentneeds to be resized to fit the display.

SUMMARY

Now there has been invented an improved method and technical equipmentimplementing the method, for content adaptation in real-time playback.Various aspects of the invention include a method, an apparatus and acomputer readable medium comprising a computer program stored therein,which are characterized by what is stated in the independent claims.Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependentclaims.

According to a first aspect, there is provided a method comprisingreceiving source data; processing the source data to determine renderingparameters; wherein the processing comprises obtaining processing-freetemporal segments either by applying wide angles at periodic intervalsto the source data or rendering a predetermined region of the sourcedata; determining content characteristics of a visual frame; andutilizing content characteristics for controlling the obtainedprocessing-free temporal segments; signaling the rendering parametersfor playback; and adapting the rendering parameters to render theprocessing-free temporal segments from the source content.

According to a second aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprisingat least one processor, memory including computer program code, thememory and the computer program code configured to, with the at leastone processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following:receive source data; process the source data to determine renderingparameters; wherein the processing comprises to obtain processing-freetemporal segments either by applying wide angles at periodic intervalsto the source data or rendering a predetermined region of the sourcedata; to determine content characteristics of a visual frame; and toutilize content characteristics for controlling the obtainedprocessing-free temporal segments; signal the rendering parameters forplayback; and adapt the rendering parameters to render theprocessing-free temporal segments from the source content.

According to a third aspect, there is provided a computer programproduct embodied on a non-transitory computer readable medium,comprising computer program code configured to, when executed on atleast one processor, cause an apparatus or a system to: receive sourcedata; process the source data to determine rendering parameters; whereinthe processing comprises to obtain processing-free temporal segmentseither by applying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source dataor rendering a predetermined region of the source data; to determinecontent characteristics of a visual frame; and to utilize contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments; signal the rendering parameters for playback; and adapt therendering parameters to render the processing-free temporal segmentsfrom the source content.

According to a fourth aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising:means for receiving source data; means for processing the source data todetermine rendering parameters; wherein the processing comprises meansfor obtaining processing-free temporal segments either by applying wideangles at periodic intervals to the source data or rendering apredetermined region of the source data; means for determining contentcharacteristics of a visual frame; and means for utilizing contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments; means for signaling the rendering parameters for playback; andmeans for adapting the rendering parameters to render theprocessing-free temporal segments from the source content.

According to a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer programembodied on a non-transitory computer readable medium, the computerprogram comprising instructions causing, when executed on at least oneprocessor, at least one apparatus to: receive source data; process thesource data to determine rendering parameters; wherein the processingcomprises obtaining processing-free temporal segments either by applyingwide angles at periodic intervals to the source data or rendering apredetermined region of the source data; determining contentcharacteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing content characteristicsfor controlling the obtained processing-free temporal segments; signalthe rendering parameters for playback; and adapt the renderingparameters to render the processing-free temporal segments from thesource content.

According to an embodiment, the content characteristics relate to audiocontent characteristics relation to one of the following group: a beat,a downbeat, a speech, a phrase, silence.

According to an embodiment, the controlling of the processing-freetemporal segments comprises affecting either the number of wide anglesin the source data or duration of the wide angles in the source data.

According to an embodiment, the method further comprises streaming asource data to a playback device.

According to an embodiment, the method further comprises signalling therendering parameters with the source data to the playback device.

According to an embodiment the source data is live video data.

According to an embodiment, the source data is received from a server ora video recorder.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following, various embodiments of the invention will be describedin more detail with reference to the appended drawings, in which

FIG. 1 shows a simplified block chart of an apparatus according to anembodiment;

FIG. 2 shows a layout of an apparatus according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 shows a system configuration according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 shows a state diagram of sequences of shot types using cinematicrules;

FIG. 5 shows a wide angle analysis free segments as temporal buffer forprocessing;

FIG. 6 shows processing delay adaptation using audiocharacteristics/semantics;

FIG. 7 shows a predictive local processing adaptation;

FIG. 8 shows a system for live content adaptation according to anembodiment;

FIG. 9 shows a system for live content adaptation according to anotherembodiment;

FIG. 10 shows a system for live content adaptation according to yetanother embodiment;

FIG. 11 shows a system for live content adaptation according to yetanother embodiment; and’

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a method according to an embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

In the following, several embodiments of the invention will be describedin the context of live content adaptation for rendering on variousdevices. The devices may have different display resolution than therecording device.

The present embodiments do not require a live encoder, only the playbackon devices needs to be adaptive to take into account the contentcharacteristics. The content characteristics are utilized for performingreal-time analysis. In addition, the present embodiments take intoaccount the delays in audio and video highlight detection while Thepresent embodiments do not erode viewing experience by stop/start ofvideo modality or reduce the received bitrate.

FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate an apparatus according to an embodiment. Theapparatus 50 is an electronic device for example a mobile terminal or auser equipment of a wireless communication system or a camera device.The embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented withinany electronic device or apparatus which is able to capture digitalimages, such as still images and/or video images, and is connectable toa network. The apparatus 50 may comprise a housing 30 for incorporatingand protecting the device. The apparatus 50 further may comprise adisplay 32, for example, a liquid crystal display or any other displaytechnology capable of displaying images and/or videos. The apparatus 50may further comprise a keypad 34. According to another embodiment, anysuitable data or user interface mechanism may be employed. For example,the user interface may be implemented as a virtual keyboard or dataentry system as part of a touch-sensitive display. The apparatus maycomprise a microphone 36 or any suitable audio input which may be adigital or analogue signal input. The apparatus 50 may further comprisean audio output device, which may be any of the following: an earpiece38, a speaker or an analogue audio or digital audio output connection.The apparatus 50 may also comprise a battery (according to anotherembodiment, the device may be powered by any suitable mobile energydevice, such as solar cell, fuel cell or clockwork generator). Theapparatus may comprise a camera 42 capable of recording or capturingimages and/or video, or may be connected to one. According to anembodiment, the apparatus 50 may further comprise an infrared port forshort range line of sight communication to other devices. According toan embodiment, the apparatus 50 may further comprise any suitable shortrange communication solution such as for example a Bluetooth wirelessconnection or a USB/firewire wired solution.

The apparatus 50 may comprise a controller 56 or processor forcontrolling the apparatus. The controller 56 may be connected to memory58 which, according to an embodiment, may store both data in the form ofimage and audio data and/or may also store instructions forimplementation on the controller 56. The controller 56 may further beconnected to codec circuitry 54 suitable for carrying out coding anddecoding or audio and/or video data or assisting in coding and decodingcarried out by the controller 56.

The apparatus 50 may further comprise a card reader 48 and a smart card46, for example a UICC and UICC reader for providing user informationand being suitable for providing authentication information forauthentication and authorization of the user at a network.

The apparatus 50 may comprise radio interface circuitry 52 connected tothe controller and suitable for generating wireless communicationsignals for example for communication with a cellular communicationsnetwork, a wireless communications system or a wireless local areanetwork. The apparatus 50 may further comprise an antenna 44 connectedto the radio interface circuitry 52 for transmitting radio frequencysignals generated at the radio interface circuitry 52 to otherapparatus(es) and for receiving radio frequency signals from otherapparatus(es).

According to an embodiment, the apparatus 50 comprises a camera 42capable of recording or detecting still images or individual imageframes which are then passed to the codec 54 or controller forprocessing. According to an embodiment, the apparatus may receive thestill or video image data for processing from another device prior totransmission and/or storage. According to an embodiment, the apparatus50 may receive the images for processing either wirelessly or by a wiredconnection.

FIG. 3 shows a system configuration comprising a plurality ofapparatuses, networks and network elements according to an embodiment.The system 10 comprises multiple communication devices which cancommunicate through one or more networks. The system 10 may comprise anycombination of wired or wireless networks including, but not limited toa wireless cellular telephone network (such as a GSM, UMTS, CDMAnetwork, etc.), a wireless local area network (WLAN), such as defined byany of the IEEE 802.x standards, a Bluetooth personal area network, anEthernet local area network, a token ring local area network, a widearea network, and the internet.

The system 10 may include both wired and wireless communication devicesor apparatus 50 suitable for implementing present embodiments. Forexample, the system shown in FIG. 3 shows a mobile telephone network 11and a representation of the internet 28. Connectivity to the internet 28may include, but is not limited to, long range wireless connections,short range wireless connections, and various wired connectionsincluding, but not limited to, telephone lines, cable lines, powerlines, and similar communication pathways.

The example communication devices shown in the system 10 may include butare not limited to, an electronic device or apparatus 50, a combinationof a personal digital assistant (PDA) and a mobile telephone 14, a PDA16, an integrated messaging device (IMD) 18, a desktop computer 20, anotebook computer 22, a digital camera 12. The apparatus 50 may bestationary or mobile when carried by an individual who is moving. Theapparatus 50 may also be located in a mode of transport.

Some of further apparatus may send and receive calls and messages andcommunicate with service providers through a wireless connection 25 to abase station 24. The base station 24 may be connected to a networkserver 26 that allows communication between the mobile telephone network11 and the internet 28. The system may include additional communicationdevices and communication devices of various types.

The communication devices may communicate using various transmissiontechnologies including, but not limited to, code division multipleaccess (CDMA), global systems for mobile communications (GSM), universalmobile telephone system (UMTS), time divisional multiple access (TDMA),frequency division multiple access (FDMA), transmission controlprotocol-internet protocol (TCP-IP), short messaging service (SMS),multimedia messaging service (MMS), email, instant messaging service(IMS), Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 and any similar wireless communicationtechnology. A communication device involved in implementing variousembodiments of the present invention may communicate using various mediaincluding, but not limited to, radio infrared, laser, cable connectionsor any suitable connection.

The present embodiments relate to generating a content rendering forconsumption/viewing in heterogeneous devices in delay and resourcesconstrained scenario.

The present embodiments use the following methods to generate avenuesfor content processing without introducing additional delays in the formof pre-roll buffers. The methods being utilized are 1) Cinematic rulesfor content rendering and 2) Content characteristics derived byanalyzing the content.

“Cinematic rules” refer to widely used thumb rules about shot types andshot sequences. For example, a wide angle (WA) shot is usually followedby a close-up (CU) shot. A CU is usually followed by another CU or WA.This has been illustrated in FIG. 4. As an example, the shot sequencesmay consist of WA→CU→WA→CU; WA→CU→CU→WA; etc. Wide angle (WA) hasusually temporally longer duration than a CU.

The cinematic rules may be utilized to mask delays in contentprocessing. In order to perform appropriate rendering region selectionfor higher resolution rendering, the characteristic and/or semantics ofthe visual frame are determined. The determination of the appropriaterendering region expects processing of the high resolution visualframes. The processing time may depend on the available computingresources. If the computing resources are insufficient to determine thecharacteristics and/or semantics information of a temporal segment ofthe video before its intended rendering, additional time needs to bemade available for completing the analysis.

The present embodiments propose utilizing leveraging the cinematic rulesof remixing wide angles at periodic intervals to a source data to createsituational awareness of the event. During wide angle rendering, thewhole visual frame without any region of interest specific rendering canbe done. The temporal segment of video can be rendered without anyprocessing of the visual characteristics or semantics, thus suchtemporal segment is called “processing-free temporal segment”. A firstlevel of resource adaptation is achieved by using this processing-freetemporal segment rendering. FIG. 5 illustrates wide angle analysis astemporal buffer for processing. The first level of resource adaptationis used to perform processing for the subsequent close up temporalsegments, the processing (PI₁) for CU₁ and CU₂ is initiated during WA₁.To provide additional temporal buffer for processing initiated during aclose up temporal segment for the subsequent close up temporalsegment(s), the processing for CU₄ is initiated during CU₃, but WA₃period is used as temporal buffer. In FIG. 5, switch point (sp) fromwide angle (WA) to close up (CU) are derived based on mediacharacteristics/semantics, such as audio characteristics, beingdescribed next.

The media characteristics and/or semantics are used to tune theprocessing free temporal segments. The second level of resourceadaptation is achieved by utilizing the content characteristics (e.g.audio content characteristics) for controlling the obtainedprocessing-free temporal segments, e.g. by increasing the number of wideangles of the duration of wide angles with minimal reduction on theaesthetic value of the viewing experience. This is achieved by utilizingthe audio content semantics/characteristics. Processing audio is lesscomplex relative to visual modality, see FIG. 6 showing processing delayadaptation using audio characteristics/semantics. The audio informationcan be used to optimize/reduce the visual content processing. The wideangles are introduced based on audio characteristics at different layersof granularity.

FIG. 7 illustrates a predictive local processing adaptation. At first apart of media is received 710. A sub-set of the received media isanalyzed 720 to generate key-instance set KI, where KI refers tobeats/downbeats/speech segments etc. Analysis time is referred asT_(anal). Analysis validity interval is determined 730 using set KIintervals. Analysis validity time is referred as T_(val). The analysistime and analysis validity time are compared 740. If T_(anal) is smallerthan T_(val), then further processing delay masking is not needed 750.If T_(anal) is greater than T_(val), then non-analyzed content segmentT_(analysis-free) is inserted 760, where T_(analysis-free) refers towide angle segments, and where analysis free interval T_(analysis-free)are from the key instance KI candidate temporal instances. T_(anal) andT_(val) are used 770 to determine the T_(analysis-free) segment. Thiscan be achieved by summing T_(analysis-free) with T_(anal) which shouldbe greater than T_(val). After this, the local processing delay maskingis achieved 780.

Instead of analyzing close-up region of interest at every beat, theanalysis may be performed at down beat. In addition, the wide angledurations can be increased by one or more beat intervals to maintaincoherency with the content characteristics while increasing theavailable temporal threshold with fine grained intervals. According toan embodiment, instead of the beat/downbeat information,speech/phrase/silence or such other suitable parameters may be used forincorporating processing free temporal segments in conjunction withcinematic rules to minimize degradation in aesthetic value whileachieving the latency targets for given local playback computingresource.

FIG. 8 illustrates a system according to an embodiment. A server 410 isconfigured to stream video content to a playback device 420. Thestreaming may be performed by using any suitable transport protocol, forexample HTTP (Hypertext Transform Protocol), RTSP (Real Time StreamingProtocol) or RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol), etc. The serverstreamed source content (later “source content”) is received by areceive buffer 421. The receive buffer 421 is configured to make thesource content available in such a way that it is usable for furtherprocessing. For example, if the streaming is implemented withmultiplexing or encryption or error coding, the inversion operations toget back the required content is performed in the receive buffer 421. Aplayback buffer 422 has the source content in the right order which issuitable for chronological playback. The source content from theplayback buffer 422 is processed in a content processing module 431 todetermine the media characteristics and rendering parameters. Forexample, which regions in the source content need to be zoomed in oremphasized for rendering. The audio and video analysis is performedusing the content processing module 431. The content processing module431 is configured to signal the necessary information (i.e. therendering parameters) to a player module 434 via the playback buffer422. The rendering parameters have been obtained by using the techniquedescribed above, with reference to FIGS. 5-7, i.e. the technique on howreal-time latency bounds are achieved. The logic for introducingprocessing free temporal segments in order to mask the higher latency inresources constrained playback device is residing in the contentprocessing 431, delay masking 432 and playback signalling module 433.

The playback of source content is performed based on the renderingparameters received by the player module 434 from the content processingmodule 431. The player module 434 depending on the content renderingsignals the rendering parameters to the renderer 435 to adapt therendering parameters to finally render the desired spatio-temporalsegment from the source content.

According to an embodiment, shown in FIG. 9, the content processingmodule and playback signalling module reside on the server, and therendering parameters are signaled to the playback device together withthe streamed source content. The signalling may be out-of-band orin-band depending on the implementation requirements. FIG. 9 illustratesthat a content creator 910 role is given to an entity which isbroadcasting/streaming the content to the desired audience. The entitycan be any entity. The content creator 910 can be a broadcaster. Thereceiving device can be a primary screen 920 such as a conventionaltelevision which consume the primary or default broadcast content. Thereceiving device can be another type of a device, so called aconventional second screen 930, such as a mobile phone, a tablet, etc.The third type of device are second screen devices 940 which areequipped with smart rendering capability. The embodiment illustrated inFIG. 8 can be applied to the content creator based content adaptationsetup as shown in FIG. 9.

According to another embodiment, shown in FIG. 10, the contenttransformation for optimal rendering on second screen devices is donebefore transmission at module 1014. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, thesecond screen devices 1030, 1040, 1050 need not to have any additionalsoftware, but the stream is optimized for each device separately (i.e.type 1 stream; type 2 stream; type 3 stream).

The content transformation for optimal rendering for second screendevices may consist of extracting an important spatio-temporal region ofinterest and thus avoiding excessive reduction in relative size ofobjects of interest while rendering a very high resolution stream on alow resolution second screen device.

In yet another embodiment, the present solution may be implemented forlocal processing of the content. FIG. 11 illustrates such embodiment.The use case which is significant for all mobile devices as well ascameras, consists of recording content with the native camera.Subsequently, generating a smart video rendering while viewing thecontent, consequently this needs to be done in real-time to avoid anydetails to the user and provide an “instant gratification” userexperience. FIG. 11 illustrates a recording and playback devicecomprising a camera application 1110 and a video recorder 1120 forcapturing video data to be stored in a video file storage 1130. A filereader 1140 reads the video file and provides it to a playback buffer1150. The source content from the playback buffer 1150 is processed in acontent processing module 1160 to determine the media characteristics.For example, which regions in the source content need to be zoomed in oremphasized for rendering. The audio and video analysis is performedusing the content processing module 1160. The content processing module1160 is configured to signal the necessary information to a playermodule 1170.

The playback of source content is performed based on the signal receivedby the player module 1170 from the content processing module 1160. Theplayer module 1170 transmits the received signals (i.e. the renderingparameters) to the renderer 1180 to adapt the rendering parameters tofinally render the desired spatio-temporal segment from the sourcecontent.

An embodiment of a method is illustrated as a flowchart in FIG. 12. Themethod comprises receiving 1210 source data; processing 1220 the sourcedata to determine rendering parameters; wherein the processing comprisesobtaining 1230 processing-free temporal segments either by applying wideangles at periodic intervals to the source data or rendering apredetermined region of the source data; determining 1240 contentcharacteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing 1250 contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments; signaling 1260 rendering parameters for playback; and adapting1270 the rendering parameters to render the processing-free temporalsegments from the source content.

The apparatus implementing the method comprises means for processing,memory means including computer program code, means for receiving sourcedata; means for processing the source data to determine renderingparameters; means for obtaining processing-free temporal segments eitherby applying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source data orrendering a predetermined region of the source data; means fordetermining content characteristics of a visual frame; and means forutilizing content characteristics for controlling the obtainedprocessing-free temporal segments; means for signaling the renderingparameters for playback; and means for adapting the rendering parametersto render the processing-free temporal segments from the source content.

The various embodiments may provide advantages. The present embodimentsprovide real-time second screen content derived from primary broadcastcontent. The present embodiments provide an ability to utilize deviceswith different computing resources. The adaptation is graceful in orderto cover maximum number of devices with minimal reduction in aestheticquality of the viewing experiences. The present embodiments furtherprovide improved user experiences without additional encoder or serverside complexity.

The various embodiments of the invention can be implemented with thehelp of computer program code that resides in a memory and causes therelevant apparatuses to carry out the invention. For example, a devicemay comprise circuitry and electronics for handling, receiving andtransmitting data, computer program code in a memory, and a processorthat, when running the computer program code, causes the device to carryout the features of an embodiment. Yet further, a network device like aserver may comprise circuitry and electronics for handling, receivingand transmitting data, computer program code in a memory, and aprocessor that, when running the computer program code, causes thenetwork device to carry out the features of an embodiment.

It is obvious that the present invention is not limited solely to theabove-presented embodiments, but it can be modified within the scope ofthe appended claims.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving source data;processing the source data to determine rendering parameters; whereinthe processing comprises: obtaining processing-free temporal segments byapplying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source data based onmedia characteristics and semantics of the source data; determiningcontent characteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments by affecting duration of the wide angles in the source data;signaling the rendering parameters for playback; and adapting therendering parameters to render the processing-free temporal segmentsfrom the source content.
 2. The method according to claim 1, whereincontent characteristics relate to audio content characteristicsassociated with one of the following group: a beat, a downbeat, aspeech, a phrase, and silence.
 3. The method according to claim 1,wherein the controlling of the processing-free temporal segmentscomprises affecting the number of wide angles in the source data.
 4. Themethod according to claim 1, further comprising streaming the sourcedata to a playback device.
 5. The method according to claim 4, furthercomprising signaling the rendering parameters with the source data tothe playback device.
 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein thesource data is live video data.
 7. The method according to claim 1,wherein the source data is received from a server or a video recorder.8. An apparatus comprising at least one processor, and a non-transitorymemory including computer program code, wherein the memory including thecomputer program code is configured to, with the at least one processor,cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: receive sourcedata; process the source data to determine rendering parameters; whereinthe processing comprises: obtaining processing-free temporal segments byapplying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source data based onmedia characteristics and semantics of the source data; determiningcontent characteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments by affecting duration of the wide angles in the source data;signal the rendering parameters for playback; and adapt the renderingparameters to render the processing-free temporal segments from thesource content.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein contentcharacteristics relate to audio content characteristics associated withone of the following group: a beat, a downbeat, a speech, a phrase, andsilence.
 10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the controllingof the processing-free temporal segments comprises affecting the numberof wide angles in the source data.
 11. The apparatus according to claim8, further comprising streaming the source data to a playback device.12. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising signalingthe rendering parameters with the source data to the playback device.13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the source data is livevideo data.
 14. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the sourcedata is received from a server or a video recorder.
 15. A computerprogram product embodied on a non-transitory computer readable medium,comprising computer program code configured to, when executed on atleast one processor, cause an apparatus or a system to: receive sourcedata; process the source data to determine rendering parameters; whereinthe processing comprises: obtaining processing-free temporal segments byapplying wide angles at periodic intervals to the source data based onmedia characteristics and semantics of the source data; determiningcontent characteristics of a visual frame; and utilizing contentcharacteristics for controlling the obtained processing-free temporalsegments by affecting duration of the wide angles in the source data;signal the rendering parameters for playback; and adapt the renderingparameters to render the processing-free temporal segments from thesource content.
 16. The computer program product according to claim 15,wherein content characteristics relate to audio content characteristicsassociated with one of the following group: a beat, a downbeat, aspeech, a phrase, and silence.
 17. The computer program productaccording to claim 15, wherein the controlling of the processing-freetemporal segments comprises affecting the number of wide angles in thesource data.
 18. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor and atleast one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at leastone memory and the computer program code are configured, with the atleast one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to: process thesource data to determine rendering parameters; wherein the processingcomprises obtain processing-free temporal segments by applying wideangles at periodic intervals to the source data based on mediacharacteristics and semantics of the source data; determine contentcharacteristics of a visual frame; and utilize content characteristicsfor controlling the obtained processing-free temporal segments byaffecting duration of the wide angles in the source data; and adapt therendering parameters to render the processing-free temporal segmentsfrom the source content.
 19. The apparatus according to claim 18,wherein content characteristics relate to audio content characteristicsassociated with one of the following group: a beat, a downbeat, aspeech, a phrase, and silence.
 20. A computer program embodied on anon-transitory computer readable medium, the computer program comprisinginstructions causing, when executed on at least one processor, at leastone apparatus to: receive source data; process the source data todetermine rendering parameters; wherein the processing comprises:obtaining processing-free temporal segments by applying wide angles atperiodic intervals to the source data based on media characteristics andsemantics of the source data; determining content characteristics of avisual frame; and utilizing content characteristics for controlling theobtained processing-free temporal segments by affecting duration of thewide angles in the source data; signal the rendering parameters forplayback; and adapt the rendering parameters to render theprocessing-free temporal segments from the source content.